Riya Sharma

JAUNDICE What is jaundice? Jaundice is a condition in which the skin, sclera (whites of the eyes) and mucous membranes turn yellow. This yellow color is caused by a high level of bilirubin, a yellow-orange bile pigment. Bile is fluid secreted by the liver. Bilirubin is formed from the breakdown of red blood cells. What causes jaundice? Jaundice can be caused by a problem in any of the three phases in bilirubin production. Before  the production of bilirubin, you may have what is called unconjugated jaundice due to increased levels of bilirubin caused by: Reabsorption of a large  hematoma  (a collection of clotted or partially clotted blood under the skin) Hemolytic anemias  (blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over) During  production of bilirubin, jaundice can be caused by: Viruses, including Hepatitis A, chronic Hepatitis B and C, and Epstein-Barr virus infection (infectious m...

MALARIA Malaria  is a  mosquito-borne infectious disease  that affects humans and other animals. [2]  Malaria causes  symptoms  that typically include  fever ,  tiredness ,  vomiting , and  headaches . [1]  In severe cases it can cause  yellow skin ,  seizures ,  coma , or  death . [1]  Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected  mosquito . [2]  If not properly treated, people may have recurrences of the disease months later. [2]  In those who have recently survived an  infection , reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. [1]  This partial  resistance  disappears over months to years if the person has no continuing exposure to malaria. [1] Malaria is caused by  single-celled microorganisms  of the  Plasmodium  group. [2]  The disease is most commonly spread by an infected female  Anopheles ...

TYPHOID Typhoid is a bacterial infection that can lead to a high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. It can be fatal. It is caused by the bacteria  Salmonella typhi. The infection is often passed on through contaminated food and drinking water, and it is more prevalent in places where handwashing is less frequent. It can also be passed on by carriers who do not know they carry the bacteria. Annually, there are around  5,700 cases  in the United States, and 75 percent of these start while traveling internationally. Globally, around 21.5 million people a year contract typhoid. If typhoid is caught early, it can be successfully treated with antibiotics; if it is not treated, typhoid can be  fatal . What is typhoid? Share on Pinterest Typhoid is an infection caused by Salmonella typhimurium bacteria that is spread from human to human. Typhoid is an infection caused by the bacterium  Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhi) . The bacterium lives in the ...

                            HEART ATTACK Overview Heart attack Open pop-up dialog box A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked. The blockage is most often a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances, which form a plaque in the arteries that feed the heart (coronary arteries). The plaque eventually breaks away and forms a clot. The interrupted blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle. A heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction, can be fatal, but treatment has improved dramatically over the years. It's crucial to call 911 or emergency medical help if you think you might be having a heart at Symptoms Common heart attack signs and symptoms include: Pressure, tightness, pain, or a squeezing or aching sensation in your chest or arms that may spread to your neck, jaw or back Nausea, indigestion, heartburn or abdominal pain Shortness of ...